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Oracle Java SE 21 Developer Professional Sample Questions (Q76-Q81):
NEW QUESTION # 76
Given:
java
interface A {
default void ma() {
}
}
interface B extends A {
static void mb() {
}
}
interface C extends B {
void ma();
void mc();
}
interface D extends C {
void md();
}
interface E extends D {
default void ma() {
}
default void mb() {
}
default void mc() {
}
}
Which interface can be the target of a lambda expression?
- A. E
- B. D
- C. None of the above
- D. B
- E. A
- F. C
Answer: C
Explanation:
In Java, a lambda expression can be used where a target type is a functional interface. A functional interface is an interface that contains exactly one abstract method. This concept is also known as a Single Abstract Method (SAM) type.
Analyzing each interface:
* Interface A: Contains a single default method ma(). Since default methods are not abstract, A has no abstract methods.
* Interface B: Extends A and adds a static method mb(). Static methods are also not abstract, so B has no abstract methods.
* Interface C: Extends B and declares two abstract methods: ma() (which overrides the default method from A) and mc(). Therefore, C has two abstract methods.
* Interface D: Extends C and adds another abstract method md(). Thus, D has three abstract methods.
* Interface E: Extends D and provides default implementations for ma(), mb(), and mc(). However, it does not provide an implementation for md(), leaving it as the only abstract method in E.
For an interface to be a functional interface, it must have exactly one abstract method. In this case, E has one abstract method (md()), so it qualifies as a functional interface. However, the question asks which interface can be the target of a lambda expression. Since E is a functional interface, it can be the target of a lambda expression.
Therefore, the correct answer is D (E).
NEW QUESTION # 77
Consider the following methods to load an implementation of MyService using ServiceLoader. Which of the methods are correct? (Choose all that apply)
- A. MyService service = ServiceLoader.getService(MyService.class);
- B. MyService service = ServiceLoader.load(MyService.class).findFirst().get();
- C. MyService service = ServiceLoader.load(MyService.class).iterator().next();
- D. MyService service = ServiceLoader.services(MyService.class).getFirstInstance();
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
The ServiceLoader class in Java is used to load service providers implementing a given service interface. The following methods are evaluated for their correctness in loading an implementation of MyService:
* A. MyService service = ServiceLoader.load(MyService.class).iterator().next(); This method uses the ServiceLoader.load(MyService.class) to create a ServiceLoader instance for MyService.
Calling iterator().next() retrieves the next available service provider. If no providers are available, a NoSuchElementException will be thrown. This approach is correct but requires handling the potential exception if no providers are found.
* B. MyService service = ServiceLoader.load(MyService.class).findFirst().get(); This method utilizes the findFirst() method introduced in Java 9, which returns an Optional describing the first available service provider. Calling get() on the Optional retrieves the service provider if present; otherwise, a NoSuchElementException is thrown. This approach is correct and provides a more concise way to obtain the first service provider.
* C. MyService service = ServiceLoader.getService(MyService.class);
The ServiceLoader class does not have a method named getService. Therefore, this method is incorrect and will result in a compilation error.
* D. MyService service = ServiceLoader.services(MyService.class).getFirstInstance(); The ServiceLoader class does not have a method named services or getFirstInstance. Therefore, this method is incorrect and will result in a compilation error.
In summary, options A and B are correct methods to load an implementation of MyService using ServiceLoader.
NEW QUESTION # 78
Given:
java
public class ExceptionPropagation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
thrower();
System.out.print("Dom Perignon, ");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.print("Chablis, ");
} finally {
System.out.print("Saint-Emilion");
}
}
static int thrower() {
try {
int i = 0;
return i / i;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("Rose");
return -1;
} finally {
System.out.print("Beaujolais Nouveau, ");
}
}
}
What is printed?
- A. Beaujolais Nouveau, Chablis, Saint-Emilion
- B. Saint-Emilion
- C. Rose
- D. Beaujolais Nouveau, Chablis, Dom Perignon, Saint-Emilion
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Analyzing the thrower() Method Execution
java
int i = 0;
return i / i;
* i / i evaluates to 0 / 0, whichthrows ArithmeticException (/ by zero).
* Since catch (NumberFormatException e) doesnot matchArithmeticException, it is skipped.
* The finally block always executes, printing:
nginx
Beaujolais Nouveau,
* The exceptionpropagates backto main().
* Handling the Exception in main()
java
try {
thrower();
System.out.print("Dom Perignon, ");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.print("Chablis, ");
} finally {
System.out.print("Saint-Emilion");
}
* Since thrower() throws ArithmeticException, it is caught by catch (Exception e).
* "Chablis, "is printed.
* Thefinally block always executes, printing "Saint-Emilion".
* Final Output
nginx
Beaujolais Nouveau, Chablis, Saint-Emilion
Thus, the correct answer is:Beaujolais Nouveau, Chablis, Saint-Emilion
References:
* Java SE 21 - Exception Handling
* Java SE 21 - finally Block Execution
NEW QUESTION # 79
What is the output of the following snippet? (Assume the file exists)
java
Path path = Paths.get("C:homejoefoo");
System.out.println(path.getName(0));
- A. Compilation error
- B. C:
- C. C
- D. home
- E. IllegalArgumentException
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Java's java.nio.file package, the Path class represents a file path in a file system. The Paths.get(String first, String... more) method is used to create a Path instance by converting a path string or URI.
In the provided code snippet, the Path object path is created with the string "C:homejoefoo". This represents an absolute path on a Windows system.
The getName(int index) method of the Path class returns a name element of the path as a Path object. The index is zero-based, where index 0 corresponds to the first element in the path's name sequence. It's important to note that the root component (e.g., "C:" on Windows) is not considered a name element and is not included in this sequence.
Therefore, for the path "C:homejoefoo":
* Root Component:"C:"
* Name Elements:
* Index 0: "home"
* Index 1: "joe"
* Index 2: "foo"
When path.getName(0) is called, it returns the first name element, which is "home". Thus, the output of the System.out.println statement is home.
NEW QUESTION # 80
Which StringBuilder variable fails to compile?
java
public class StringBuilderInstantiations {
public static void main(String[] args) {
var stringBuilder1 = new StringBuilder();
var stringBuilder2 = new StringBuilder(10);
var stringBuilder3 = new StringBuilder("Java");
var stringBuilder4 = new StringBuilder(new char[]{'J', 'a', 'v', 'a'});
}
}
- A. stringBuilder3
- B. None of them
- C. stringBuilder1
- D. stringBuilder2
- E. stringBuilder4
Answer: E
Explanation:
In the provided code, four StringBuilder instances are being created using different constructors:
* stringBuilder1: new StringBuilder()
* This constructor creates an empty StringBuilder with an initial capacity of 16 characters.
* stringBuilder2: new StringBuilder(10)
* This constructor creates an empty StringBuilder with a specified initial capacity of 10 characters.
* stringBuilder3: new StringBuilder("Java")
* This constructor creates a StringBuilder initialized to the contents of the specified string "Java".
* stringBuilder4: new StringBuilder(new char[]{'J', 'a', 'v', 'a'})
* This line attempts to create a StringBuilder using a char array. However, the StringBuilder class does not have a constructor that accepts a char array directly. The available constructors are:
* StringBuilder()
* StringBuilder(int capacity)
* StringBuilder(String str)
* StringBuilder(CharSequence seq)
Since a char array does not implement the CharSequence interface, and there is no constructor that directly accepts a char array, this line will cause a compilation error.
To initialize a StringBuilder with a char array, you can convert the char array to a String first:
java
var stringBuilder4 = new StringBuilder(new String(new char[]{'J', 'a', 'v', 'a'})); This approach utilizes the String constructor that accepts a char array, and then passes the resulting String to the StringBuilder constructor.
NEW QUESTION # 81
......
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